Institute for Regenerative Engineering faculty members Dr. Lakshmi Nair (PI) and Dr. Kevin Lo (PI), as well as Dr. Joseph Walker (Co-I) from Orthopaedic Surgery and I (Co-I), have received funding from the NIH/NIAMS for a study aimed to develop a novel injectable analgesia delivery system. Current analgesia formulations have been limited by their relatively short duration of action requiring repeated administrations. In addition, local anesthetics are often associated with systemic toxicity and local tissue-site inflammatory responses. To address these issues, our project will develop a novel injectable analgesia delivery system lasting up to 7 days with minimal side effects.

This award highlights collaborative efforts between the IRE and Orthopaedic Surgery. We hope to continue combining the creativity and dedication of our scientists and clinicians.

The Institute for Regenerative Engineering’s latest research paper, “Simple Signaling Molecules for Inductive Regenerative Engineering”, has been accepted for publication by the high-impact peer-reviewed journal, PLoS One. Written by researchers from our institute, the University of Virginia, the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York, and SASTRA University in India, this paper represents a paradigm shift in the field of regenerative engineering wherein simple signaling molecules can be utilized in place of recombinant protein growth factors.

The results presented in this report corroborate our novel theory that the simple signaling molecules of calcium and phosphate ions possess intrinsic bone-formation activity which is carried out by the induction of cell-based bone-formation protein-growth factor (Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2, BMP-2) production and secretion. In addition, a review of published biochemical research has revealed that a number of simple signaling molecules exist that possess similar behavior to calcium and phosphate ions which we have collectively termed inducerons (see figure). These small molecules are uniquely capable of inducing stem- and progenitor-cell differentiation down desired lineages utilizing protein growth factor-based inductive loops. The problems associated with using BMP-2 in bone graft substitutes such as cost and long-term safety are also issues with utilizing protein growth factors in other translational biomedical engineering strategies. Since these inductive molecules can be released from stable, inexpensive materials (e.g., CaP), their long-term delivery can be achieved through a wide variety of controlled release strategies compared to the relatively few options available for fragile, expensive protein growth factors. Utilizing the principles of biology, engineering, morphogenesis, stem cell technology, and materials cues, regenerative engineering represents a novel approach in which the body is induced to regenerate its own complex tissues and organs. This new concept of inducerons may compel regenerative engineering strategies to become the gold standard in complex tissue- and organ-replacement therapies.

Figure was adapted from Cushnie EK, Ulery BD, Nelson SJ, Deng M, et al. (2014) Simple Signaling Molecules for Inductive Bone Regenerative Engineering. PLoS ONE 9(7): e101627.

On November 7, I participated in this year’s Connecticut Stem Cell Retreat hosted by the UConn Stem Cell Institute. My speech, “Delivery for the Regeneration of Musculoskeletal Tissues: The Regenerative Engineering Approach,” highlighted the future of regenerative engineering in stem cell research. I discussed two of our latest inventions: a bioengineered matrix for the regeneration of torn anterior cruciate ligaments, and a novel nanofiber-based scaffold for rotator cuff repair. Also during my talk, I introduced the idea of “convergence” which represents how biomedical research will be conducted in the future. I firmly believe areas such as regenerative engineering are good examples of convergence because they combine research in the life sciences, engineering, and physical sciences.

The Institute for Regenerative Engineering will launch Natural and Synthetic Biomedical Polymers in February, 2014. Published by Elsevier Science, this textbook summarizes the main advances in biopolymer development in the last decade. We believe it will be extremely useful for researchers in formulating their polymers with desirable physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical, and degradation properties for specific, targeted biomedical applications. I thank all the authors for their outstanding contributions. I also thank co-editors Drs. Sangamesh Kumbar and Meng Deng for all their time and effort in coordinating this.

I am very happy to announce the launch of the Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities (JREHD). Beginning in 2014, it will be published quarterly.

JREHD is the first journal dedicated to examining and eliminating racial and ethnic health disparities. It is also the official journal of the W. Montague Cobb/NMA Health Institute, whose mission is to eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities. Published by Springer, the journal aims to report on the scholarly progress of work to understand, address, and ultimately eliminate health disparities based on race and ethnicity. The journal currently considers original articles, solicited “evolutionary” reviews presenting state-of-the-art thinking on problems centered on health disparities, and unsolicited review articles of timely interest.

The academic home office of the journal is here at the UConn Health Center. This is a tribute to the university’s dedication to eliminating health disparities. As Editor-in-Chief, I thank everyone involved for their efforts during the past months in ensuring the journal’s successful launch.

On September 21st, I was excited to stand on the TEDx stage in the University of Connecticut and give a talk on “Regenerative Engineering.” My talk highlighted the tremendous work being carried out here at the Institute for Regenerative Engineering. More specifically, I discussed our latest invention — a bioengineered matrix for the regeneration of torn anterior cruciate ligaments of the knee.

TED stands for Technology, Entertainment, Design and is a global set of conferences under the slogan “ideas worth spreading”. TEDx is a program of local, self-organized events that bring people together to share a TED-like experience. I was happy to be included in UConn’s first TEDx conference.

My talk will be added to TEDxUConn site by the end of October, please visit www.tedxuconn.com.

On August 23rd, we were honored to have Joseph W. Freeman, Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Rutgers University, as the first speaker in the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Seminar Series. Dr. Freeman delivered a talk entitled “Novel Approaches to Musculoskeletal Tissue Repair, Replacement, and Regeneration.” The Sackler Seminar Series is but one of several activities funded through our center endowed by the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Foundation.

After receiving a bachelor’s degree in Chemical Engineering from Princeton University, Dr. Freeman earned his Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering from Rutgers University and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. Dr. Freeman then joined my laboratory at the University of Virginia as a postdoctoral fellow. He worked on the use of novel biomaterials in bone regeneration, the development of new scaffolds for ligament repair, the use of hydrogels for ligament repair, and the design and construction of a braiding machine for ligament graft construction.

Dr. Freeman’s areas of research interest involve developing and evaluating new implantable scaffolds for the regeneration of musculoskeletal tissues, use of molecular modeling to investigate collagen structure and function, and develop tumor engineering models.

I was pleased Dr. Freeman agreed to speak as part of the Sackler Seminar Series and enjoyed catching up with him. We look forward to bringing other innovative leaders to speak here at the Health Center.

Last month, the Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (JBT) published a special issue on nanobiomaterials for tissue engineering in North America edited by Dr. Lakshmi S. Nair, a faculty member in the Institute for Regenerative Engineering. This issue summarizes current perspectives on the use of nanobiomaterials, as well as evaluating other strategies such as stem cell technology for musculoskeletal regenerative engineering. The special issue has been published electronically by American Scientific Publishers.

In addition to editing this issue, Dr. Nair is currently co-editing the second edition of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering. Her current research focuses on developing regenerative biomaterials and drug/cell delivery strategy.

I am happy to report that the Institute for Regenerative Engineering received a major award from the NSF last month. This is one of the largest grant efforts in the history of the UConn Health Center. This is also our second EFRI grant. To our knowledge, we are the only research group in the country to have two active EFRI grants.

The focus of EFRI program supports transformative ideas that represent an opportunity for a significant shift in fundamental engineering knowledge with a strong potential for long term impact on national needs or a grand challenge. The abstract of the award is posted on the NSF website.
As the Principal Investigator for the grant, I thank everyone involved in this application for their phenomenal work during the past several months in getting this grant successfully funded. I would especially like to thank the co-principal investigators and the senior personnel listed below. It was a great pleasure working with all of you in putting together this fine proposal.

Co-Principal Investigators
Dr. Sangamesh Kumbar, Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health Center
Dr. Kevin Lo, Medicine, UConn Health Center

Senior Personnel
Dr. Yusuf Khan, Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health Center
Dr. David Goldhamer, Molecular and Cell Biology, UConn, Storrs
Dr. Pouran Faghri, Allied Health Sciences, UConn, Storrs
Dr. Nathan Swami, Electrical Engineering, University of Virginia

It is my great pleasure to announce a special issue of Current Pharmaceutical Design will focus on Bone Morphogenetic Proteins for Bone Regeneration and Their Alternatives. This issue summarizes current perspectives on the use of bioactive molecules, as well as evaluating other strategies such as stem cells, biomaterials, vascularization, and gene therapy for bone regenerative engineering. We thank our outstanding contributors for participating, including our colleagues here at the Health Center, Drs. Marja Hurley and Sangamesh Kumbar. In addition, I would like to acknowledge the efforts of guest editor Dr. Kevin Lo, a faculty member here in the Institute for Regenerative Engineering. Without his time and effort, this issue would not have been possible.

The Special Issue has been published electronically by Bentham Science Publishers. The print version will be available very soon.